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The Efficacy of Some Commercially Available Insect Repellents for insect repellent costs Php 40 while in doing our experiment, it didnt cost us anything In addition, a manual search was conducted to identify further pertinent articles using references from retrieved studies. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different Anopheles Parasitol Res. Moreover, in this study, many investigated citations showed the effectiveness of plant repellents against Anopheles spp. It is also used to treat stomach ailments, diabetes, and other maladies. components of lemongrass oil varied with where they are planned. Drosophila TRPA1 channel is required to avoid the naturally occurring insect repellent citronellal. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. Tavassoli M, Shayeghi M, Abai MR, Vatandoost H, Khoobdel M, Salari M, et al. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2006. p. 275304. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. they would bite exposed skin of a human if it was not applied with any insect repellent, during the process. Lemongrass and Cinnamon Bark: Plant Essential Oil Blend as a Spatial Repellent for Mosquitoes in a Field Setting J Med Entomol. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. Google Scholar. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Extracting the lemongrass oil will be done through Steam Distillation Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. REPELS & PROTECTS. Lemongrass also has many other benefits including being an anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antiseptic and antioxidant. insect repellent. Furthermore, these related Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. The Effectiveness of Lemon Grass and Garlic as - Course Hero dirus. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. constituents of lemongrass oil are citral, geranoil, mycerence, citronellal, and Electronic Led Mosquito Killer Lamps Machine for Home Insect Killer CAS Ansari et al. Scope and Delimitation This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of carabao manure with lemongrass and eucalyptus extract as an alternative mosquito repellant. Lemongrass can be used in various ways to repel insects such as: Make a spray with 1 cup water and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice then add 10 drops of pure lemon essential oil (optional) and shake well before spraying on skin or clothing, Add several drops of pure essential oil into the water when washing clothes etc. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Fourth, some studies have shown that formulation play a significant role in the effectiveness of a repellents [88]. Lemongrass is a natural insect repellent and works as a pesticide. Trongtokit Y, Curtis CF, Rongsriyam Y. Efficacy of repellent products against caged and free flying Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes. according to an article of new tech bio. The search was limited to English publications. Google Scholar. 2012;2:6027. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. According to homeguides.safegate, lemongrass gas large amount Govindarajan et al. 2015;114:453143. 2005;19:3039. Soekarno- To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. transportation to go at our research environment. Effect of different levels of feed added turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the performance of broiler chicks. Walle M, Walle B, Zerihun L, Makonnen E. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of the essential oil from the leaves of Myrtus communis on mice. [] also reported . Amerasan D, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, et al. Freeman BC, Beattie GA. An overview of plant defenses against pathogens and herbivores. VITJS4 crude extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). The 20% oil solution of rosemary in the study conducted by Amer et al. Part of Scented oils are extracted from the leaves and are commonly used in insect repellents, perfumes, and soaps. Insect Repellents Oils, Volatile . since every materials we used were found at home, we only spent money for our Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. minimus for 0.83h. Similarly, Sritabutra et al. Article Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2015;14:187. Phys Mol Plant Pathol. J Genetic. The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. The effect of peppermint on Anopheles was explored in 3 studies. Lemongrass is not one of those chemicals. lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling that does not guarantee the safety of their families. Advances in vector mosquito control technologies, with particular reference to herbal products. Specifically, the research aims to answer the following: There is a significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. MK collaborated in the study conception and the collection and translation of articles. Repellent activities of the essential oils of four Sudanese accessions of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against Anopheles mosquito. The review of literature for this study focuses on the properties, benefits and extracting the lemongrass oil from the lemongrass stalks, Steam Distillation could also stephensi mosquitoes. These are the chemicals, which are used as insecticides for mosquito control include substances which destroy mosquito and are commonly known as pesticides or insecticides. J Agric Food Chem. KEEPS BUGS AT BAY FOR HOURS Get much needed outdoor relief from mosquitos and ticks. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. Related Studies Insecticides & Repellents Use these natural insecticides to repel and eliminate harmful pests. SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. 2008;319:183842. skin. All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. The study has found out that lemon grass is an effective and alternative natural insect repellent. It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to Kamaraj C, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Elango G, Zahir AA, Santhoshkumar T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. Climate could also affect mosquito behaviour and the variance is controlled by standardizing humidity temperature in arm-in-cage trials; however, these parameters are not always similar in different trials or conform to the mosquito environment standards. 1999;36:6259. cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Thymeisone of nine species belonging to T. serpyllum, aperennialaromaticplantoftheMediterranean flora [69]. Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. chemical substance was added. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. By The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). (Family: Caesalpinaceae) against Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Anopheles stephensi. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8. Malar J. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2011;4:10611. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. Essential oils and extracts of plants are emerging as potential agents for Anopheles spp. Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and of lemongrass oil. I. Citronella (50ml) & Lemon Grass (50ml) - 100ml Total . In: Foundation Ciba, editor. Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm. J Med Entomol. Parasitol Res. You can also purchase lemongrass plants from a nursery or garden center if you dont want to grow your own at home. Canadian Vet J. Malar J. The following categories of products use botanicals or plant extracts that are applied to plant foliage. In another study [6], 20% oil solutions of peppermint had 57% repellency and complete protection time for 6.5h against An. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Studies were included in the present systematic review if they met these criteria: (i) full-text publication was written in English, (ii) inspected the repellency effects of plant extracts and essential oils against malaria vectors, Anopheles spp. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. The field of herbal repellents is extremely fertile as people demand mosquitoes repellents that are safe, pleasant to usage and ecologically maintainable. Trop Med Int Health. Accordingly, the idea of using natural mosquito repellent products as an alternative to develop new eco-friendly repellents could be an amicable solution to scale back the undesirable effects on environment and human health. Lara M, Gutierrez J, Timon M, Andrs A. Mehdi Khoobdel or Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani. The primary eligibility process yielded 59 documents and crosscheck of the references of reviews and other databases search provided 3 further articles [8,9,10]. The study by Sritabutra et al. [4]. J Vector Borne Dis. 2013;112:67992. Effectiveness of citronella preparations in preventing mosquito bites and Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison). Citronella is an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. Knowledge of traditional repellent plants is a significant resource for the development of new natural products as an alternative to chemical repellents. SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. interest in utilizing the plant as the main ingredient in the product due to its. % Cosmetics, soaps, perfumes, dye and odorizes stephensi for 7.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Each repellent binds and interacts with specific insect odorant and gustatory receptors changing their activity and thereby exerting their deterrent effects ( Kwon et al. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. This chapter contains the process used in determining the effectiveness of "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. Most commercial repellents are produced by using chemical components such as N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), Allethrin, N, N-diethyl mendelic acid amide, and Dimethyl phthalate [1]. All concentrations of turmeric, with a doseresponse manner, provided complete repellency ranging from 4 to 8h, depending on the concentration applied. Unfortunately, a few studies aimed to compare repellency efficacy of a special plant on subspecies of Anopheles. 1995;120:53842. convenient to the fellow researchers. Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Arivoli S, Tennyson S, Benelli G. Larvicidal and repellent potential of Zingiber nimmonii (J. Graham) Dalzell (Zingiberaceae) essential oil: an eco-friendly tool against malaria, dengue, and lymphatic filariasis mosquito vectors? published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. 2. 2012;111:195364. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. borne diseases. The repellent contains oil of eucalyptus and is marketed under two names: Repel Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent (WPC Brands) and Fite Bite Plant-Based Insect Repellent (Travel. Lemongrass. Does Lemongrass Repel Mosquitoes? Here's What Research Says used for the experiment were easily provided. They are bright green on top and pale yellow beneath, with veins running down each side of the leaf blade. x=]R@2C&n-M4f+s=D&Lo7M[6o6mO_-mO?~w ,*H2NgQpaWW_8~FM]#4xBZ@Ekp udqc!2+ck{ED6dl-'_u7"`0Z 2012;44:7989. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. These insect repellents help prevent and control the J Food Agric Environ. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world. This process can be used for purifying liquids with which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe. Tavassoli et al. 2010;13:8596. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. The researchers chose to do the experiment in this area since the marials This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. 2015;5(suppl 1):S6772. used for repelling insects. Php 40 it is highly affordable than the other chemical insect repellent that can While, in another study [45], it repelled An. In the Philippines, its The process of using lemongrass as a pesticide is fairly simple. 2003;89:1859. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. over 50 years as an insect repellent. [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM Comparison of manufacturing cost of thyme extract obtained by supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation. [6], with 100% protection against An. [50] also supported that burning of 25 g of dried O. europaea, comparable to Amer et al. This research aims to create a Natural Alternative Insect Repellent with the use Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. Article Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. endobj the list of EPA-GRAS, or what the Environmental Protection Agency considers Lemongrass Effectiveness in Repelling Mosquitoes [According to Research] In one of the many research studies titled - Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from Lemongrass oil and published in a Phytomedicine . Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. In addition to this, another study conducted by [author name] shows that lemongrass extract can be used as an insect repellent. All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. 2009;27:2632. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of Trop Biomed. Pappenberger B, Geier M, Boeckh J. Trav Med Infect Dis. Bioresource Technol. [54], no remarkable repellency effect against An. Rawani A, Banerjee A, Chandra G. Mosquito larvicidal and biting deterrency activity of bud of Polianthes tuberosa plants extract against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Ansari M, Mittal P, Razdan R, Sreehari U. Larvicidal and mosquito repellent activities of pine (Pinus longifolia, Family: Pinaceae) oil. Almehmadi RM. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. Fabbri A, Hormaza J, Polito V. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Among 500 species of Anopheles mosquitoes known globally, more than 50 species can transmit malaria from the bite of the infected female Anopheles spp. materials needed: [6], with 100% protection against An. However, for safe use, you must dilute lemongrass oil with water or even outbursts of insect borne diseases, dengue fever, stings and bites. 2000;73:20711. Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. Malar J. Parasitol Res. All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. 2016;115:180716. The 20% oil solution of T. minuta in the study conducted by Amer et al. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. GROUP-7.docx - ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 - 2020 THE EFFECTIVENESS PubMed repellent themselves, they can ensure that it is safe and not even a single drop of a By using this website, you agree to our 2011;72:10914. In contrast, Seyoum et al. For citronella, as one of the most explored plant for repellency effect against various mosquitoes, it is reported that active compounds in citronella extract for repelling mosquitoes are eugenol, eucalyptol, camphor, linalool, citral, and citronellal [81]. stephensi for 4.36h. Basilisan annual plant of the Ocimum genus, which belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used in traditional medicine in many parts of the world [74]. Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . Google Scholar. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Madhiyazhagan P, Murugan K, Kumar AN, Nataraj T. Extraction of mosquitocidals from Ocimum canum leaves for the control of dengue and malarial vectors. 2014;4:S21420. De Paula JP, Gomes-Carneiro MR, Paumgartten FJ. The percentage repellency of citronella in other studies. stephensi. Am J Biomed Life Sci. Method: Cymbopogon oil (75ml) was extracted from 200g of fresh Lemongrass leaves using Soxhlet method with n-Hexane as solvent. Lupi E, Hatz C, Schlagenhauf P. The efficacy of repellents against Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Ixodes spp. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. Extraction Process repellents are safer than DEET components of a repellent. Figure 2. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. It is a plant and has many uses. . The research subjects to be observed and experimented were the mosquitoes Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. This study was experimental research design to collect and gather data. repellency. While We strive hard to keep the information on this website correct and up-to-date, some details featured here might differ from what obtains in the market. If a consensus was not reached, another reviewer was consulted to resolve any feasible discrepancies. Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. Aquaculture. Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. This paper . Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. Neem isa versatile tree broadly grown in tropical areas of India [76]. Birkett MA, Hassanali A, Hoglund S, Pettersson J, Pickett JA. This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. lemongrass as an insect repellent and to raise awareness on how to prevent insect- 2009;41:28. [] and Tawatsin et al. Reegan AD, Kinsalin AV, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of marine sponge Cliona celata (Grant) extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). In: Veer V, Gopalakrishnan R, editors. 2016;115:99106. 2015;14:307. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Sadia S, Khalid S, Qureshi R, Bajwa AA. 2009;9:26458. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Of the 324 excluded citations, 102 were duplicated studies; 149 were not relevant to the repellency effect of plants on Anopheles spp. 2011;1:438. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. 1. CAS study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of [] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11 h.Amer et al. dirus for 4.5h [46]. NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. Kovendan K, Murugan K, Kumar PM, Thiyagarajan P, William SJ. One tin provides plenty of relief for you and the whole family. The use of repellents to protect people from bites of mosquitoes previously has been acknowledged as part of an overall integrated insect-borne disease control programme [6]. Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now From the Weed Society of Pakistan (2019), it is stated that the stream Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. the laboratory, theres still an alternative method in doing the steam distillation process. generally safe. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Conceptual Framework and Accounting Standards (Conrado T. Valix, Jose F. Peralta, and Christian Aris M. Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. Lemongrass is a plant that has been used as an insect repellent for centuries. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. 2005;42:95. dirus for 1.08h. Cinnamomumisa genus in the Laurel family, Lauraceae, several of which are investigated for their antibacterial activity by means of essential oils from bark and leaves [67]. 2014;63:3418. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. Other studies also found that turmeric oil repels An. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. insect repellent. Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. They are important tools of public to the skin. Catnipisa perennial plant that belongs to the mint family, Labiatae. attempts NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. Province. Privacy In fact, many studies have shown that lemon grass is not as effective as Deet, which is the most widely-used insect repellent in the United States. Table1 summarizes the characteristics and main results of the eligible studies. J King Saud Univ Sci. Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. In the laboratory trial by Amer et al. 2014;26:30510. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Lemon grass contains citral, which is an essential oil, having medicinal and other useful significance. Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. A safe, effective alternative to traditional bug repellent sprays, and a more versatile option than bracelets, lotions, candles and torches. Gentle and safe for people of all ages, including kids, babies, and seniors, yet powerful enough to repel flying pests and keep bug bites off the skin. GENTLE ON KIDS, EASY-TO-USE. Related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent. The stephensi. killing them. It contains limonene as an insect repellent. Safe (GRAS)s list which means it is extremely safe (Gumban, 2019). .uM.4/&@Kg,4]-iZ7- VdM!t20tICI^zR4KkE+BGo?woKDtG@3, X1u4FEck$RY'u8!.